Citation :

Ahmed F. Alanazi, 2026. "Bridging Neurological and Mental Health Paradigms in Neuropsychiatry" ESP International Journal of Science, Humanities & Management Studies(ESP-IJSHMS)  Volume 4, Issue 4: 30-39.

Abstract :

The dividing line that has traditionally separated neurology from psychiatry is becoming harder and harder to justify, since neuroscience research keeps showing that conditions once labeled either "neurological" or "psychiatric" actually share underlying disease mechanisms. This paper brings together the existing evidence on the biological processes that connect mental health disorders with neurological conditions, looking at findings that converge across neuroimaging, immunology, neuroendocrinology, and molecular biology. The researcher examines evidence showing that mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases have mechanisms in common, such as neuroinflammation, disrupted hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, abnormal neurosteroids, gut-brain axis dysfunction, and gene regulation mediated by microRNAs. The cerebellum, insula, and frontolimbic circuits stand out as neural substrates that cut across diagnostic categories. The paper makes the case for an integrated neuropsychiatric approach that moves beyond conventional disciplinary divisions, with consequences for diagnosis, the development of treatments, and clinical practice.

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Keywords :

Neuropsychiatry, Neuroinflammation, Neuroactive Steroids, Gut-Brain Axis, Biomarkers, Transdiagnostic