Citation :

Shahida Mustapha Hashim, OGUNDARE, Yemi Daniel, 2025. "Climate-Induced Migration and Human Security in Nigeria’s Sahel: Analyzing Conflict Dynamics and State Response, 2020–2025" ESP International Journal of Science, Humanities & Management Studies(ESP-IJSHMS)  Volume 3, Issue 2: 97-104.

Abstract :

There has been a sudden development of climate-induced migration as one of the factors making the problem of insecurity in ecologically vulnerable regions a burning issue and that within the Sahelian states of Nigeria in particular. The research paper investigates the interconnection between human security and environmental displacement between 2020 and 2025 where changing climatic conditions such as desertification, drought, and resource constraints have led to migratory population patterns that fuel intercommunal violence, state vulnerability, and decline in social solidarity. This study, which takes a qualitative, case study that is based on the human security perspective, uses interviews with the displaced people, heads of communities, and government officials in the leading Sahelian states inclusive of Borno, Yobe, Zamfara, and Katsina. The paper not only explores the cause and impacts of climate induced migration but also examines the response of the Nigerian state in alleviating the effects that include humanitarian assistance, climate adaptations measures and security activities. The discoveries indicate that climate-related migration is not a direct conflict driver but a major contributor to conflicts in regions with weak control and living in poverty as well as historical injustices. In addition, responses by states have been highly disjointed, reactive and under-resourced and there is not a coordinated system that combines adaptation to climate change, prevention of conflicts and development of people. The paper proposes an alternative change of traditional security methods to a strategy of involving people with the focus on resilience-building, inclusive governance, and ecological justice. Reflectively, the study provides academic and policy solutions on how Nigeria and West African governments can address climate-based human security of the West African Region in light of worsening ecological pressures through providing regional contributions to the larger conversation on climate security in the region.

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Keywords :

Climate Induced Migration, Human Security, Sahel, Nigeria.