International Journal Of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science [IJAIDS]

Adaptive Knowledge Integration (AKI) for Multi-Source Predictive Intelligence Systems is one of the important paradigms within modern AI, where sources of data are obtained from disparate heterogeneous sources and used to assist decision-making. For healthcare, finance and smart infrastructure, the majority of data are distributed across many platforms and formats (structured databases, unstructured text, sensor streams and real-time inputs) in non-trivial ways.

Since many machine learning systems are intended to perform well in dynamic and non-stationary data environments, stability-constrained learning is a key paradigm for ensuring performance robustness. Most of the conventional learning models are developed by assuming a static data distribution which restricts their effectiveness in real-world scenarios where we have continuous evolution of data, noise, and distribution shifts.

While deep neural networks have performed exceptionally well on many tasks in areas such as computer vision, natural language processing, healthcare analytics, and autonomous systems. However, the behaviour of deep neural models during training is still fundamentally unstable and often plagued by vanishing and exploding gradients, sensitivity to initialization and poor generalization

Deep neural networks have reached unprecedented performance in many applications, however their training dynamics are complex, and even when controlled well can often be incomprehensible. Although most research efforts have focused on model architectures and optimization algorithms, the influence of individual training samples on learning behaviour has recently received increased attention.

From computer vision to natural language processing and scientific computing, deep learning systems have had great success in a variety of fields. Nevertheless, training deep neural networks is inherently hard due to the instability of gradient propagation, slow convergence and high sensitivity to initialization and hyperparameters.